Please look in Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes for authorships of sections, Families of Fishes (all), and related information.

Species in the genus Esox: [ 41 ] records

affinis, Esox Holbrook [J. E.] 1860:198, Pl. 28 (fig. 1) [Ichthyology of South Carolina. (Second Edition) v. 1; ref. 2185] South Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

amentus, Esox Godfrey [J., Jr.] 1945:11, 36-37 [Outdoors Oct. 1945; ref. 22862] Vermillion Lake, Ontario, Canada. Original description not seen. •Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 -- (Crossman 1978:18 [ref. 6974]). •Hybrid between Esox masquinongy x Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:365 [ref. 24570]). Hybrid. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

americanus, Esox Gmelin [J. F.] 1789:1390 [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Long Island, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Valid as Esox americanus Gmelin 1789, subspecies americanus -- (Lachance 2002:597 [ref. 26243] dated 1788, Grande et al. 2004:746, 750 [ref. 28936], Scharpf 2006:21 [ref. 30386], Page & Burr 2011:372 [ref. 31215] with 2 subspecies). •Valid as Esox americanus Gmelin 1789 -- (Crossman 1978:15 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:131 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:247 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:143 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:69 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:63 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:60 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:67 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:334 [ref. 22809], Jenkins et al. in Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:242 [ref. 21581], Ráb & Crossman 1994:1951 [ref. 22739], Warren et al. 1994:133 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:225 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:417 [ref. 25836], Murdy et al. 1997:104 [ref. 23144], Coffie 1997:133 [ref. 25002], Scott & Crossman 1998:348 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:227 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:37 [ref. 26594], Ross et al. 2001:335 [ref. 25978], Nelson et al. 2004:84 [ref. 27807], Boschung & Mayden 2004:355 [ref. 27995], Page et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:172 [ref. 35886] dated 1788 with 2 subspecies, Page et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Eastern North America. Atlantic Slope drainages to southern Georgia [subspecies americanus]. Habitat: freshwater.

aquitanicus, Esox Denys [G. P. J.], Dettai [A.], Persat [H.], Hautecoeur [M.] & Keith [P.] 2014:528, Figs. 3, 4a [Comptes Rendus Biologies 337; ref. 33448] Adour drainage, Estampon, Saint-Gor, France Holotype: MNHN 2013-1246. Paratypes: MNHN (6). •Valid as Esox aquitanicus Denys, Dettai, Persat, Hautecoeur & Keith 2014. Current status: Valid as Esox aquitanicus Denys, Dettai, Persat, Hautecoeur & Keith 2014. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: France. Habitat: freshwater.

aralensis, Esox lucius Pivnev [I. A.] 1985:18 [8 pls.; ref. 8966] Chu River basin, Kyrgyzstan. Syntypes: (many). Preoccupied by Esox aralensis Sytchevskaya 1974, a fossil taxon from the Tertiary of Kazakhstan (Sytchevskaya 1974:224, Pl. 2, figs. 7-9 [ref. 35258]). •In the synonymy of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae.

atromaculata, Mascalongus Kirtland [J. P.] 1854:84 [Proceedings of the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science (for 1845-1859); ref. 18414] Lake Erie, North America. No types known. •Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Current status: Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

atrox, Esox lucius var. Anikin [V. P.] 1902:109 [Izvestiya Tomskogo Imperatorslago Universiteta v. 22; ref. 19629] Ob River basin, Siberia, Russia. Holotype: ZMUT uncat. Paratypes: ZMUT uncat. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1948:458 [ref. 12882], Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

australis, Esox Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:323 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Locality unknown; not Australia (see Whitley 1943:130 [ref. 4702]). Holotype (unique): MNHN B-0960. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:5 [ref. 19576]. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

baicalensis, Esox reichertii var. Dybowski [B. N.] 1874:392 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 24 (no. 3-4); ref. 1172] Lake Baikal basin, Russia. No types known. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1948:458 [ref. 12882], Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Sideleva 2001:47 [ref. 26181], Sideleva 2003:12 [ref. 27815], Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

bergi, Esox lucius Kaganowsky [A. G.] 1933:138 [4] [Vestnik Dal'nevostocnogo Filiala Akademii Nauk SSSR = Bulletin of the Far Eastern Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR 1933 (nos. 1-3); ref. 19615] Anadyr River, Siberia, Russia. Holotype (unique): whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Berg 1948:458 [ref. 12882], Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

boreus, Esox Agassiz [L.] 1850:317 [Lake Superior; ref. 66] Northern shores of Lake Superior. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:363 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

cisalpinus, Esox Bianco [P. G.] & Delmastro [G. B.] 2011:7, Figs. 2A-B, D [Researches on Wildlife Conservation v. 2 (suppl.); ref. 31648] Cercenasco (Torino), Bealera Bassa (Po basin), Piemonte, Italy. Holotype: IZA 111. Paratypes: many at IZA. •Valid as Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro 2011 -- (Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897], Denys et al. 2014:532 [ref. 33448], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108]). Current status: Valid as Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro 2011. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Southern Europe: northern and central Italy, France and probably Switzerland. Introduced in Sardinia (Italy). Habitat: freshwater.

crassus, Esox Agassiz [L.] 1854:308 [14] [American Journal of Science and Arts (Series 2) v. 17; ref. 69] Tennessee River at Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A. No types known. On p. 14 of separate. •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818 -- (Crossman 1978:21 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:137 [ref. 22416]). Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

cypho, Esox Cope [E. D.] 1865:78 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 17; ref. 907] Waterford, Oakland County, Michigan, U.S.A. Lectotype: ANSP 7681. Paralectotypes: ?UMMZ 213811 (2). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:102 [ref. 13621]. Lectotype established by Fowler 1916:415 [ref. 1394] and 1918:38 [ref. 11665]. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

depraudus, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:336 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Wabash River, New Harmony, Indiana, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN A-0793. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

estor, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] 1818:413 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 17514] Lake Erie, Buffalo, New York, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Smith 1986:251 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:363 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

fasciatus, Esox DeKay [J. E.] 1842:224, Pl. 34 (fig. 110) [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Long Island, New York, U.S.A. Syntypes: New York State coll. (whereabouts unknown). •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789 -- (Smith 1986:248 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

flaviae, Esox Lucentini [L.], Puletti [M. E.], Ricciolini [C.], Gigliarelli [L.], Fontaneto [D.], Lanfaloni [L.], Bilò [F.], Natali [M.] & Panara [F.] 2011:12, Figs. 1A-D [PLoS ONE v. 6 (no. 12); ref. 31658] Lake Trasimeno, 43°08'43"N, 12°05'52"E, Tevere River basin, central Italy. Holotype: NHGC GS1. Paratypes: not specified. Dates of publication: Cisalpinus on 10 July, flaviae on 2 Dec. -- Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897]. •Valid as Esox flaviae Lucentini, Puletti, Ricciolini, Gigliarelli, Fontaneto, Lanfaloni, Bilò, Natali & Panara 2011. •The same as Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro 2011, also from Italy and of an earlier date (pers. comm. J. Freyhof, 2/9/2012, Bianco 2013:10 [ref. 32897]). Current status: Synonym of Esox cisalpinus Bianco & Delmastro 2011. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Italy; potentially in other European waters [but probably not valid]. Habitat: freshwater.

immaculatus, Esox masquinongy Jordan [D. S.] (ex Garrard) 1888:89 [A manual of vertebrate animals of the northern United States (fifth edition); ref. 2390] Eagle Lake, northern Wisconsin, U.S.A. See also Jordan & Evermann 1896:630 [ref. 2443]; who attribute to Garrard manuscript as noticed in different fishing journals. •Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 -- (Crossman 1978:18 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:135 [ref. 22416], Scott & Crossman 1998:369 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lineatus, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:335 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Wabash River, New Harmony, Indiana, U.S.A. No type known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789, subspecies vermiculatus Lesueur 1846. Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

lucioides, Esox Agassiz [L.] & Girard [C. F.] in Herbert 1850:154 [Frank Forester's fish and fishing of the United States and British Provinces of North America.; ref. 17299] Lake Superior, North America. No type known. Authors are L. Agassiz and C. F. Girard. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:363 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lucius, Esox Linnaeus [C.] 1758:314 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Europe. Possible syntypes: BMNH 1853.11.12.114 [Gronovius coll.] (1, skin). Type catalog: Wheeler 1958:209 [ref. 13434]. As Esox lucio in Bloch 1782:229 [ref. 19643]. •Valid as Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Herrera 1896:31 [ref. 39336], Berg 1948:458 [ref. 12882], Crossman 1978:14 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:133 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:250 [ref. 22186], Lelek 1987:67 [ref. 22962], Robison & Buchanan 1988:144 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:69 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:65 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:61 [ref. 18983], Coad 1991:20 [ref. 15702], Etnier & Starnes 1993:335 [ref. 22809], Jenkins et al. in Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:232 [ref. 21581], Ráb & Crossman 1994:1951 [ref. 22739], Baxter & Stone 1995:152 [ref. 23374], Stauffer et al. 1995:227 [ref. 23376], Coad 1995:24 [ref. 23608], Cross & Collins 1995:163 [ref. 23394], Zhu 1995:16 [ref. 25213], Mrakovcic et al. 1995:184 [ref. 23079], Chereshnev 1996:601 [ref. 24659], Coad 1996:85 [ref. 25304], Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Reshetnikov et al. 1997:733 [ref. 24702], Coffie 1997:133 [ref. 25002], Sigler & Sigler 1996:162 [ref. 25943], Popova 1998:52 [ref. 23588], Coad 1998:103 [ref. 23869], Scott & Crossman 1998:356 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:228 [ref. 25838], Azeroual et al. 2000:20 [ref. 25366], Lyons et al. 2000:37 [ref. 26594], Sheiko & Fedorov 2000:17 [ref. 25650], Bogutskaya et al. 2001:45 [ref. 26178], Chereshnev et al. 2001:50 [ref. 26736], Pietsch et al. 2001:141 [ref. 25688], Bianco & Ketmaier 2001:194 [ref. 26728], Sideleva 2001:47 [ref. 26181], Lachance 2002:597 [ref. 26243], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:144 [ref. 25968], Moyle 2002:222 [ref. 26449], Fedorov et al. 2003:27 [ref. 27579], Sideleva 2003:12 [ref. 27815], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:111 [ref. 27816], Hanel 2003:57 [ref. 27894], Nelson et al. 2004:84 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:138 [ref. 27882], Miller & Robison 2004:252 [ref. 27931], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:124 [ref. 28183], Grande et al. 2004:746 [ref. 28936], Vassilev & Pehlivanov 2005:165 [ref. 28369], Hanel & Lusk 2005:297 [ref. 28804], Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:55 [ref. 28933], Scharpf 2006:21 [ref. 30386], Fricke 2007:28 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:57 [ref. 29533], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:342 [ref. 29996], McPhail 2007:210 [ref. 31199], Ninua & Japoshvili 2008:168 [ref. 31251], Minckley & Marsh 2009:101 [ref. 31114], Esmaeili et al. 2010:374 [ref. 33391], Page & Burr 2011:374 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32708], Denys et al. 2014:532 [ref. 33448], Parin et al. 2014:142 [ref. 33547], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2015:891 [ref. 34062], Barbieri et al. 2015:79 [ref. 35029], Çiçek et al. 2015:149 [ref. 35151], Zhang et al. 2016:190 [ref. 34477], Esmaeili et al. 2017:78 [ref. 35254], Romanov et al. 2017:823 [ref. 35687], Esmaeili et al. 2018:58 [ref. 36089], Fricke et al. 2018:64 [ref. 35805], Ćaleta et al. 2019:174 [ref. 37026], Lorenzoni et al. 2019:252 [ref. 37108], Özuluğ & Saç 2019:27 [ref. 36599], Bayçelebi 2020:760 [ref. 37964], Çiçek & Sungur 2020:117 [ref. 38064], Çiçek et al. 2020:255 [ref. 37644], Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. 2020:216 [ref. 37983], Kuljanishvili et al. 2020:[5] [ref. 37535], Pozdeev et al. 2022:5 [ref. 39511], Çiçek et al. 2023:42 [ref. 40326], Çiçek et al. 2023:420 [ref. 40625], Çiçek et al. 2023:152 [ref. 40728], Nagy et al. 2023:357 [ref. 40348], Page et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40505], Çiçek et al. 2024:282 [ref. 40789]). Current status: Valid as Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Circumpolar in Northern Hemisphere: North America, Europe, northern Asia. Widely introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

lugubrosus, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:338 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Cumberland District, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

masquinongy, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1824:297 [Minerva, New York v. 1 (no. 16); ref. 18465] Lake Erie, North America. No types known. Not available from Mitchill 1824:297 [ref. 18465] who uses a vernacular name. First available usage if needed is not researched. Available from Jordan 1888:89 [ref. 2390] with Mitchill as author. •Valid as Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 -- (Crossman 1978:14 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:135 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:251 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:146 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:69 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:67 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:62 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:67 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:337 [ref. 22809], Jenkins et al. in Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:234 [ref. 21581], Ráb & Crossman 1994:1951 [ref. 22739], Stauffer et al. 1995:229 [ref. 23376], Coffie 1997:133 [ref. 25002], Scott & Crossman 1998:363 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:229 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:37 [ref. 26594], Lachance 2002:597 [ref. 26243], Nelson et al. 2004:84 [ref. 27807], Bailey et al. 2004:139 [ref. 27882], Boschung & Mayden 2004:358 [ref. 27995], Grande et al. 2004:746 [ref. 28936], Scharpf 2006:21 [ref. 30386], Minckley & Marsh 2009:102 [ref. 31114], Page & Burr 2011:374 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32708], Page et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: Great Lakes south to Georgia and west to Iowa (U.S.A.). Introduced elsewhere. Habitat: freshwater.

niger, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] 1818:415 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 17514] Saratoga Lake, New York, U.S.A. Holotype (unique): MNHN B-2824 (dry). •Valid as Esox niger Lesueur 1818 -- (Crossman 1978:14 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:137 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:253 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:147 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:69 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:64 [ref. 24089], Page & Burr 1991:60 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:68 [ref. 23239], Etnier & Starnes 1993:339 [ref. 22809], Jenkins et al. in Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:239 [ref. 21581], Ráb & Crossman 1994:1951 [ref. 22739], Knight & Hastings 1994:150 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:231 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:419 [ref. 25836], Murdy et al. 1997:105 [ref. 23144], Scott & Crossman 1998:370 [ref. 24570], Coffie 1998:133 [ref. 25002], Fuller et al. 1999:230 [ref. 25838], Ross et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25978], Lachance 2002:597 [ref. 26243], Nelson et al. 2004:84 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:253 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:359 [ref. 27995], Grande et al. 2004:746 [ref. 28936], Scharpf 2006:21 [ref. 30386], Page & Burr 2011:372 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:87 [ref. 32708], Robins et al. 2018:14 [ref. 35886], Page et al. 2023:82 [ref. 40505]). Current status: Valid as Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: Eastern North America: eastern Canada along Atlantic slope to Gulf Coast and to Oklahoma and Texas (U.S.A.). Habitat: freshwater.

nobilior, Esox Thompson [Z.] 1850:163, 173, 306 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 3 (1848-1851); ref. 4392] Lake Champlain, North America. No types known. Not available from p. 163 as above; no distinguishing features were presented by Thompson. Additional comments appeared on p. 173 and p. 305-307 of same journal in 1850. The species apparently dates to p. 306 where distinguishing features appeared. As Esox nobilis in Kirtland 1854:83 [ref. 18414]. •Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 -- (Smith 1986:253 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:369 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ohiensis, Esox Kirtland [J. P.] 1854:85 [Proceedings of the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science (for 1845-1859); ref. 18414] Mahoning River, tributary of Ohio River, Ohio, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824 -- (Crossman 1978:18 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:135 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:253 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Esox masquinongy Mitchill 1824. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ornatus, Esox Girard [C. F.] 1854:41 [Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History v. 5 (1854-1856); ref. 18029] Charles River, Massachusetts, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

phaleratus, Esox Say [T.] in Lesueur 1818:416 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 17514] St. Augustine, Florida, U.S.A. •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

porosus, Esox Cope [E. D.] 1867:408 [Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (New Series) v. 13 (pt 3) (art. 13); ref. 18028] Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:102 [ref. 13621]. Unneeded replacement name for Esox cypho Cope 1865 because Cope (p. 409) felt name was inappropriate. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Replacement Name. Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

ravenelii, Esox Holbrook [J. E.] 1860:201 [Ichthyology of South Carolina. (Second Edition) v. 1; ref. 2185] Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

reichertii, Esox Dybowski [B. N.] 1869:956 [Verhandlungen der K.-K. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien v. 19; ref. 1169] Lakes of the Onon and Ingoda river systems, Amur River basin, Russia. Syntypes: whereabouts unknown. •Valid as Esox reichertii Dybowski 1869 -- (Berg 1948:64 [ref. 12882], Crossman 1978:14 [ref. 6974] as reicherti, Ráb & Crossman 1994:1951 [ref. 22739] as reicherti, Zhu 1995:16 [ref. 25213], Bogutskaya & Naseka 1996:14 [ref. 22798], Nikiforov et al. 1997:330 [ref. 24694] as reicherti, Reshetnikov et al. 1997:733 [ref. 24702], Popova 1998:52 [ref. 23588], Fuller et al. 1999:231 [ref. 25838], Pietsch et al. 2001:141 [ref. 25688], Bogutskaya & Naseka 2004:124 [ref. 28183], Grande et al. 2004:746 [ref. 28936], Kottelat 2006:27 [ref. 28831], Ocock et al. 2006:55 [ref. 28933], Kottelat & Freyhof 2007:342 [ref. 29996], Bogutskaya et al. 2008:343 [ref. 30085], Parin et al. 2014:143 [ref. 33547], Zhang et al. 2016:190 [ref. 34477], Dyldin & Orlov 2016:672 [ref. 34853], Dyldin et al. 2021:27 [ref. 38804], Dyldin & Orlov 2021:69 [ref. 38158]). Current status: Valid as Esox reichertii Dybowski 1869. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: East Asia: Russia, China, Mongolia, including Sakhalin Island (Russia). Habitat: freshwater.

reticulatus, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] 1818:414 [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia v. 1 (pt 2); ref. 17514] Connecticut River, Adams, Massachusetts, U.S.A. Lesueur specimens: MNHN B-0961 (1) Philadelphia. Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:4-5 [ref. 19576]. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Esox reticulatus Rafinesque 1814. •Valid as Esox reticulatus Lesueur 1818 -- (Herrera 1896:31 [ref. 39336]). •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818 -- (Crossman 1978:21 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:137 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:254 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:374 [ref. 24570], Ross et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25978]). 1°Homonym. Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

scomberius, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1818:322 [American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review v. 2 (no. 5, art. 1); ref. 30214] Streams of New York State, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789 -- (Smith 1986:248 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

tridecemlineatus, Esox Mitchill [S. L.] 1825:361 [Minerva, New York v. 1 (no. 16); ref. 18465] Oneida, New York, U.S.A. No types known. Original not seen. •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818 -- (Smith 1986:254 [ref. 22186], Scott & Crossman 1998:374 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

tridecemradiatus, Esox DeKay [J. E.] 1842:225 [Zoology of New-York; ref. 1098] Originally as tridecem-radiatus. •Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818 -- (Smith 1986:254 [ref. 22186]). Current status: Synonym of Esox niger Lesueur 1818. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

umbrosus, Esox Kirtland [J. P.] 1854:84 [Proceedings of the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science (for 1845-1859); ref. 18414] Rocky River, Rockport, Ohio, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789 -- (Crossman 1978:23 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:131 [ref. 22416], Ross et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25978]). •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789, subspecies vermiculatus Lesueur 1846 -- (Scott & Crossman 1998:345 [ref. 24570]). Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater.

variegatus, Esox lucius var. Fitzinger [L. J. F. J.] (ex Agassiz) 1832:339 [Beiträge zur Landeskunde Österreichs unter der Enns, Wien v. 1; ref. 5019] Treated by Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952] as infrasubspecific and not available; from Danube R. and lakes Erlaph and Schwarzensee, Austria. •In the synonymy of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae.

vermiculatus, Esox Lesueur [C. A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846:333 [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 18; ref. 1011] Tributaries of Wabash River, New Harmony, Indiana, U.S.A. No types known. •Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789, but a valid subspecies -- (Crossman 1978:15 [ref. 6974], Lee et al. 1980:131 [ref. 22416], Smith 1986:248 [ref. 22186], Robison & Buchanan 1988:143 [ref. 23393], McAllister 1990:69 [ref. 14674], Tomelleri & Eberle 1990:63 [ref. 24089], Boschung 1992:67 [ref. 23239], Coffie 1997:133 [ref. 25002], Scott & Crossman 1998:352 [ref. 24570], Fuller et al. 1999:227 [ref. 25838], Ross et al. 2001:336 [ref. 25978], Lachance 2002:597 [ref. 26243], Wydoski & Whitney 2003:110 [ref. 27816], Bailey et al. 2004:137 [ref. 27882], Grande et al. 2004:746 [ref. 28936], Scharpf 2006:21 [ref. 30386], Page & Burr 2011:372 [ref. 31215]). Current status: Synonym of Esox americanus Gmelin 1789. Esocidae: Esocinae. Distribution: East-central to southern U.S.A. [subspecies vermiculatus]. Habitat: freshwater.

vorax, Luccius Rafinesque [C. S.] 1810:68 [Indice d'ittiologia siciliana; ref. 3595] Unneeded new name for "Esox lucius" Linnaeus 1758. •Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Parenti 2019:103 [ref. 37117]). Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish.

wiliunensis, Esox lucius lucius natio Kirillov [F. N.] 1962:37 [Trudy Instituta Biologii / Akademiia Nauk SSSR, i Jakutskii filial v. 8; ref. 23017] Infrasubspecific, not available; from Vilyui R. basin, Yakutia, Siberia, Russia. •In the synonymy of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758 -- (Kottelat 1997:95 [ref. 22952], Kottelat 2006:26 [ref. 28831]). Infrasubspecific. Current status: Synonym of Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758. Esocidae: Esocinae.