arcuatus, Chaetodon Linnaeus [C.] (ex Markgraf von Liebstadt) 1758:273 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] "Indiis" No types known. Based on the “Chaetodon fuscus, arcubus 5 albis“ of Linnaeus 1754:61, Pl. 33 [ref. 31115], which was based on the “Chaetodon niger, capite diacantho” of Artedi 1738:79 [ref. 30349] and Artedi 1738:91 [ref. 30529], and the “Acarauna exigua nigra, zonis aliquot luteis …” of Willughby 1686: Apopendix p. 23 [ref. 30164]; these were based on the “Acarauna exigua nigra” and the “Guarua” of Ray 1713:103 [ref. 30231], and originally on the “Guarerua Brasil.” of Markgraf von Liebstadt 1648:178 [ref. 30347]. •Valid as Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Allen 1980:251 [ref. 22764], Matsuura in Uyeno et al. 1983:391 [ref. 14275], Robins & Ray 1986:195 [ref. 23100], Maugé 1990:840 [ref. 17126], Boschung 1992:150 [ref. 23239], Cervigón 1992:383 [ref. 23827], Cervigón 1993:343 [ref. 24474], Kelley 1995:826 [ref. 21350], Aguilera 1998:51 [ref. 24221], Smith-Vaniz et al. 1999:278 [ref. 25013], Thomson et al. 2000:148 [ref. 25640], Schmitter-Soto et al. 2000:163 [ref. 27754], Rocha & Rosa 2001:991 [ref. 25909], Camargo & Isaac 2001:142 [ref. 27639], Collette et al. 2003:112 [ref. 26784], Burgess 2003:1682 [ref. 27101], Moura & Menezes in Menezes et al. 2003:90 [ref. 27192], Smith et al. 2003:40 [ref. 27621], Nelson et al. 2004:150 [ref. 27807], McEachran & Fechhelm 2005:479 [ref. 28815], Page et al. 2013:155 [ref. 32708], Smith-Vaniz & Jelks 2014:60 [ref. 33341], Robertson et al. 2016:146 [ref. 34961], Robertson et al. 2020:160 [ref. 38098], Carvalho-Filho et al. in Marceniuk et al. 2021:554 [ref. 38945], Escobar-Sierra et al. 2021:77 [ref. 38844], Carvalho-Filho 2023:192 [ref. 40480]). Current status: Valid as Pomacanthus arcuatus (Linnaeus 1758). Pomacanthidae. Distribution: Western Atlantic: Florida (U.S.A.) and Bermuda south to Espírito Santo (Brazil), straying north to New York (U.S.A.), including Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. IUCN (2010): Least Concern. Habitat: marine.