cornutus, Chaetodon Linnaeus [C.] 1758:273 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Indian seas. No types known. Type catalog: Wheeler 1991:181-183, Fig. 21 [ref. 20102]. Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus 1758) and Z. canescens (Linnaeus 1758) date to the same work; authors differ on which name to use, and both names are in current literture, even though authors regard them as the same species. Randall 1955:170-171 [ref. 24569] picked cornutus over canescens but mentioned that canescens had page priority. Page priority, however, has technically never been a way to determine priority -- that takes a first reviser. According to Randall (pers. comm. 7/2000), Cuvier 1831:102-111 [ref. 4881] was the first to indicate that canescens was the young of cornutus; since Cuvier was the first to mention both names and select one (cornutus) over the other as valid, then he is the first reviser. The name cornutus should be used, unless an earlier first reviser is found. •Synonym of Zanclus canescens (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Heemstra & Smith 1986:823 [ref. 5668]). •Valid as Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:242 [ref. 7348], Kyushin et al. 1982:153 [ref. 19754], Araga in Masuda et al. 1984:228 [ref. 6441], Yamakawa in Okamura et al. 1985:533, 700 [ref. 8056], Johnson & Washington 1987:459 [ref. 11442], Allen & Swainston 1988:138 [ref. 25477], Pequeño 1989:62 [ref. 14125], Winterbottom et al. 1989:65 [ref. 13251], Randall et al. 1990:434 [ref. 15987], Kuiter 1993:375 [ref. 23929], Francis 1993:167 [ref. 25479], Allen & Robertson 1994:274 [ref. 22193], Allen 1997:222 [ref. 23977], Grove & Lavenberg 1997:561 [ref. 24023], Chen et al. 1997:151 [ref. 26476], Kuiter 1997:374 [ref. 25488], Randall et al. 1997:434 [ref. 25919], Myers 1999:268 [ref. 23965], Johnson 1999:750 [ref. 25471], Randall 1999:29 [ref. 25829], Allen 2000:93 [ref. 37268], Randall in Randall & Lim 2000:642 [ref. 25122], Nakabo 2000:1318 [ref. 25182], Laboute & Grandperrin 2000:437 [ref. 25191], Sadovy & Cornish 2000:261 [ref. 25480], Thomson et al. 2000:257 [ref. 25640], Randall & Earle 2000:21 [ref. 25806], Allen 2000:123 [ref. 25868], Shinohara et al. 2000:183 [ref. 25987], Hutchins 2001:45 [ref. 25847], Kuiter & Debelius 2001:140 [ref. 26232], Randall 2001:3651 [ref. 26301], Nakabo 2002:1318 [ref. 26193], Choi et al. 2003:414, 669 [ref. 26218], Allen & Adrim 2003:62 [ref. 26830], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S120 [ref. 27377], Myers & Donaldson 2003:646 [ref. 27495], Matsuura et al. in Kimura & Matsuura 2003:201 [ref. 27510], Lobel & Lobel 2004:76 [ref. 27576], Randall et al. 2004:29 [ref. 27624], Adrim et al. 2004:127 [ref. 27715], Nelson et al. 2004:174 [ref. 27807], Heemstra et al. 2004:3330 [ref. 27945], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:408 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:164 [ref. 37547], Randall 2005:572 [ref. 28239], Mundy 2005:485 [ref. 28379], Allen et al. 2006:1730 [ref. 29090], Randall 2007:414 [ref. 30952], Béarez & Séret 2009:151 [ref. 36646], Fricke et al. 2009:106 [ref. 30213], McCosker & Rosenblatt 2010:194 [ref. 30957], Kimura 2009:300 [ref. 30426], Motomura et al. 2010:225 [ref. 31256], Caratini & Soriano 2011:43 [ref. 39915], Allen & Erdmann 2012:1016 [ref. 31980], Page et al. 2013:180 [ref. 32708], Fricke et al. 2013:270 [ref. 32706], Fricke et al. 2014:181 [ref. 33932], Delrieu-Trottin et al. 2015:8 [ref. 33988], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:117 [ref. 36167], Struthers 2015:1590 [ref. 34302], Galván-Villa et al. 2016:150 [ref. 34871], Fourriére et al. 2016:450 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:611 [ref. 34923], Koeda et al. 2016:99 [ref. 35333], Koeda et al. 2016:16 [ref. 35354], Fowler et al. 2017:[5] 2253 [ref. 36358], Motomura et al. 2017:204 [ref. 35490], Fricke et al. 2018:350 [ref. 35805], Kimura in Kimura et al. 2018:273 [ref. 36460], Dalleau-Coudert et al. 2019:149 [ref. 40104], Fricke et al. 2019:299 [ref. 36673], Hoschke et al. 2019:160 [ref. 36626], Zajonz et al. 2019:98 [ref. 36871], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 28 [ref. 38321], Psomadakis et al. 2020:557 [ref. 37272], Durville et al. 2021:314 [ref. 38802], Love et al. 2021:208 [ref. 39279], Farhana-Azmi et al. 2022:11 [ref. 40448], Furuhashi & Motomura 2022:16 [ref. 39607], Holleman 2022:218 [ref. 40149], Pradhan et al. 2023:262 [ref. 40772], Vela-Espinosa et al. 2023:12 [ref. 40981], Noushad K. et al. 2024:46 [ref. 40947]). Current status: Valid as Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus 1758). Zanclidae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: Western Cape, Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa), East Africa, Socotra (Yemen), Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes (La Réunion, Mauritius, Rodrigues) east to Hawaiian Islands (U.S.A.) and Easter Island (Chile), north to southern Japan and Ogasawara Islands, south to Rottnest Island (Western Australia), Sydney (New South Wales, Australia), Lord Howe Island (Australia), Kermadec Islands and Rapa (French Polynesia); eastern Pacific: southern tip of Baja California Sur (Mexico) south to Peru, including Clipperton Island (France) and Galapagos Islands (Ecuador). Habitat: marine.