vigilax, Ceraticthys Baird [S. F.] & Girard [C. F.] 1853:391 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 6; ref. 165] Otter Creek, Arkansas [= tributary to North Fork of Red River, either Kiowa or Tillman County, southwestern Oklahoma], U.S.A. Holotype (unique): USNM 31 (specimen plus pharyngeal arches lost). Genus spelled Ceraticthys in original description, name subsequently changed to Ceratichthys. •Valid as Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853), subspecies vigilax [most authors] -- (Lee et al. 1980:343 [ref. 22416], Robison & Buchanan 1988:250 [ref. 23393], Page & Burr 1991:130 [ref. 18983], Boschung 1992:58 [ref. 23239], Espinosa Pérez et al. 1993:19 [ref. 22290], Etnier & Starnes 1993:252 [ref. 22809], Jenkins & Burkhead 1994:452 [ref. 21581], Warren et al. 1994:132 [ref. 25557], Knight & Hastings 1994:149 [ref. 25560], Stauffer et al. 1995:156 [ref. 23376], Mettee et al. 1996:305 [ref. 25836], Fuller et al. 1999:137 [ref. 25838], Lyons et al. 2000:32 [ref. 26594], Houston 2001:145 [ref. 25427], Ross et al. 2001:241 [ref. 25978], Scharpf 2005:35 [ref. 28940]). •Valid as Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853) -- (Nelson et al. 2004:77 [ref. 27807], Miller & Robison 2004:182 [ref. 27931], Boschung & Mayden 2004:269 [ref. 27995], Miller 2006:137 [ref. 28615], Page & Burr 2011:252 [ref. 31215], Page et al. 2013:77 [ref. 32708], Stout et al. 2022:7 [ref. 39738], Page et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40505]) Current status: Valid as Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853). Leuciscidae: Pogonichthyinae. Distribution: North America: U.S.A. and northern Mexico. Habitat: freshwater.