galeus, Squalus Linnaeus [C.] 1758:234 [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Mediterranean Sea and Northeastern Atlantic [original: "in Oceano Europe"]; localities include Penzance, Cornwall, England, Northeastern Atlantic; Marseille, France; Liguria and Rome, Italy; Lesbos Island, Greece; Syria, Mediterranean Sea. No types known. Neotype designated by Fricke 1999:16 [ref. 24101], but withdrawn in Fricke 2000:639 [ref. 24537]. Originally based on at least 19 pre-Linnaean sources including Artedi 1738:68 [ref. 30578] and Artedi 1738:97 [ref. 30349] as Squalus naribus ori vicinis; Rondelet 1554:377 [ref. 30354] as Gale(us) can(is), Salviani 1558:132, Pl. (p. 130) [ref. 30229] as Can(is) gale(us), Willughby 1686:51 [ref. 30164] and Ray 1713:20 [ref. 30231] as Canis galeus. •Valid as Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus 1758) -- (Compagno 1973:27 [ref. 7163], Eschmeyer & Herald 1983:34 [ref. 9277], Branstetter in Whitehead et al. 1984:118 [ref. 13675], Compagno 1984:386 [ref. 6846], Menni 1986:433 [ref. 11487], Bass et al. 1986:78 [ref. 5638], Capapé 1987:22 [ref. 39326], Gubanov & Timoxin 1989:223 [ref. 36138], Paxton et al. 1989:81 [ref. 12442], Pequeño 1989:13 [ref. 14125], Paulin et al. 1989:24 [ref. 24556], Nakaya in Amaoka et al. 1990:63 [ref. 16024], Springer 1990:97 [ref. 19320], Compagno et al. 1991:84 [ref. 21083], Kuiter 1993:10 [ref. 23929], Bianchi & Carpenter in Bianchi et al. 1993:76 [ref. 25472], Gomon et al. 1994:127 [ref. 22532], Last & Stevens 1994:208 [ref. 23873], Compagno et al. in Fischer et al. 1995:734 [ref. 22829], Randall 1995:25 [ref. 22896], Santos et al. 1997:8 [ref. 23531], Arruda 1997:18 [ref. 24952], Compagno & Niem 1998:1302 [ref. 23787], Chirichigno F. & Vélez D. 1998:47 [ref. 24555], Johnson 1999:719 [ref. 25471], Fricke 1999:16 [ref. 24101], Compagno 1999:481 [ref. 25589], Cousseau & Perrotta 2000:32 [ref. 25942], Hutchins 2001:14 [ref. 25847], Soto 2001:64, 72 [ref. 26637], Bilecenoğlu et al. 2002:12 [ref. 26753], Mecklenburg et al. 2002:73 [ref. 25968], López et al. 2002:62 [ref. 26808], Gadig & Gomes in Menezes et al. 2003:22 [ref. 27192], Manilo & Bogorodsky 2003:S92 [ref. 27377], Espinosa Pérez et al. 2004:37 [ref. 27705], Nelson et al. 2004:52 [ref. 27807], Heemstra & Heemstra 2004:63 [ref. 28072], Love et al. 2005:6 [ref. 37547], Mundy 2005:88 [ref. 28379], Hoese et al. 2006:90 [ref. 28999], Fricke 2007:25 [ref. 30577], Fricke et al. 2007:13 [ref. 29533], White 2008:64 [ref. 30617], Chabot & Allen 2009:547 [ref. 39081], George 2009:55 [ref. 30539], Lipej & Dulčić 2010:8 [ref. 36649], Castro 2011:361 [ref. 31457], Mabragaña et al. 2011:table S2 [ref. 31800], Naylor et al. 2012:40 [ref. 32267] see remarks, Page et al. 2013:51 [ref. 32708], Wirtz et al. 2013:115 [ref. 32972], Parin et al. 2014:22 [ref. 33547], Duffy & Ahyong 2015:106 [ref. 36167], Dyldin 2015:51 [ref. 34524], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:85 [ref. 34398], Weigmann 2016:46 [ref. 34211], Compagno 2016:1276 [ref. 34544], Fourriére et al. 2016:452 [ref. 34668], Del Moral-Flores et al. 2016:605 [ref. 34923], Nión et al. 2016:20 [ref. 35565], Kells et al. 2016:68 [ref. 35888], Ebert et al. 2017:55 [ref. 35618], Biscoito et al. 2018:469 [ref. 37562], Ehemann et al. 2018:22 [ref. 36194], Almeida & Biscoito 2019:75 [ref. 37302], Burton & Lea 2019:29 [ref. 37205], Carneiro et al. 2019:23 [ref. 37250], Hoschke et al. 2019:153[ref. 36626], Reiner 2019:29 [ref. 38139], Calle-Morán et al. 2020:242 [ref. 37881], Habib & Islam 2020:Supplementary table p. 2 [ref. 38321], Kabasakal 2020:80 [ref. 37952], Kovačić et al. 2020:6 [ref. 37519], Serena et al. 2020:502 [ref. 37963], Arroyo Martínez 2021:54 [ref. 38962], Borme & Auriemma in Tsagarakis et al. 2021:639 [ref. 38798], Ebert et al. 2021:55 [ref. 38234], González-Acosta et al. 2021:6 [ref. 38361], Haroon & Kibria 2021:49 [ref. 39241], Moreno Mendoza et al. 2021:[4] [ref. 38868], Kovačić et al. 2021:11 [ref. 39014], Love et al. 2021:16 [ref. 39279], Bañón & Mano 2022:10 [ref. 40121], Barone et al. 2022:29 [ref. 39527], Ćetković & Pešić in Kousteni et al. 2022:432 [ref. 39260], Fermon et al. 2022:94 [ref. 39448] with question, James & Ebert 2022:498 [ref. 39663], Balàka et al. 2023:8 [ref. 40410], Carvalho-Filho 2023:302 [ref. 40480], Chiaramonte et al. 2023:208 [ref. 40423], Page et al. 2023:39 [ref. 40505], Shakman et al. 2023:463 [ref. 40810], Leeney 2024:56 [ref. 40985]). Current status: Valid as Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus 1758). Triakidae: Galeorhininae. Distribution: Eastern Atlantic: Atlantic coast of U.S.A. south to Argentina; western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway south to Senegal, Namibia, including Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé and Principe; southwestern Indian Ocean: Western Cape and Eastern Cape (South Africa); North Pacific; eastern Pacific: British Columbia (Canada) south to Chile, including Gulf of California (Mexico); temperate waters of Southern Hemisphere. Habitat: marine.