williamsoni, Gasterosteus Girard [C. F.] 1854:133 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 7; ref. 1817] Upper part of Santa Clara River, Soledad Canyon, Los Angeles County, California, U.S.A. Syntypes: MNHN 0000-0303 [ex USNM] (1), USNM 340 (now 1). Type catalog: Bertin & Estève 1950:36 [ref. 19576]. For information on type locality see Miller 1960 [ref. 21987]. •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758, subspecies aculeatus -- (Okada 1961:605 [ref. 6363]). •Synonym of Gaserosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758, but a valid subspecies -- (Swift et al. 1993:125 [ref. 22379], Moyle 2002:340 [ref. 26449], Scharpf 2007:35 [ref. 30398]). •Synonym of Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus 1758 -- (Monod 1973:282 [ref. 7193], Denys et al. 2022:397 [ref. 40085]). •Valid as Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard 1854 -- (Fricke et al. 2024:581 [ref. 41622]). Current status: Valid as Gasterosteus williamsoni Girard 1854. Gasterosteidae. Distribution: Southwestern North America: southern California (U.S.A.) and northwestern Baja California (Mexico). Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.