CLASSIFICATION IN THE

This file consists of the classification used in the online version; it differs from the published version. The genera in a classification and species in a classification may be found in the printed version; they can be reproduced in the internet version by searching for all taxa in the genera or species file by family or family/subfamily when a subfamily is used.

Information on the rationale for using this classification is given in the Introduction and Acknowledgments browse file. Also see information there on how to determine family placement from the "stem" genus when a family you are seeking is not used by us.

Class Myxini

	Order Myxiniformes

			Myxinidae (hagfishes)

				Myxininae

				Eptatretinae

Class Cephalaspidomorphi

	Order Petromyzontiformes

			Petromyzontidae (lampreys)

				Petromyzontinae

				Geotriinae

				Mordaciinae

Class Elasmobranchii

	Order Hexanchiformes

			Hexanchidae (cow sharks)

			Chlamydoselachidae (frill sharks)

	Order Heterodontiformes

			Heterodontidae (bullhead and horn sharks)

	Order Orectolobiformes

			Rhincodontidae (whale sharks) [=Rhiniodontidae]

			Parascylliidae (collared carpet sharks)

			Brachaeluridae (blind sharks)

			Orectolobidae (wobbegons)

			Hemiscylliidae (bamboo sharks)

			Stegostomatidae (zebra sharks)

			Ginglymostomatidae (nurse sharks)

	Order Lamniformes

			Odontaspididae (sand tiger sharks) [=Carchariidae]

			Mitsukurinidae (goblin sharks)

			Pseudocarchariidae (crocodile sharks)

			Lamnidae (mackerel sharks)

			Megachamidae (megamouth sharks)

			Cetorhinidae (basking sharks)

			Alopiidae (thresher sharks)

	Order Carchariniformes

			Scyliorhinidae (cat sharks)

			Proscylliidae (finback catsharks)

			Pseudotriakidae (false catsharks)

			Leptochariidae (barbeled houndsharks)

			Triakidae (houndsharks)

			Hemigaleidae (weasel sharks)

			Carcharhinidae (requiem sharks)

			Sphyrnidae (hammerhead sharks)

	Order Squaliformes

			Dalatiidae

				Etmopterinae

				Somniosinae (sleeper sharks)

				Oxynotinae

				Dalatiinae

			Centrophoridae

			Squalidae (dogfish sharks)

			Echinorhinidae (bramble sharks)

	Order Pristiophoriformes

			Pristiophoridae (saw sharks)

	Order Squatiniformes

			Squatinidae (angel sharks)

	Order Pristiformes

			Pristidae (sawfishes)

	Order Torpediniformes

			Torpedinidae (electric rays)

				Torpedininae

				Hypninae

			Narcinidae

				Narcininae

				Narkinae

	Order Rajiformes (skates and rays)

			Rhinobatidae (guitarfishes)

				Rhinobatinae

				Rhynchobatinae

				Rhininae

				Platyrhininae (thornbacks)

			Rajidae (skates)

			Anacanthobatidae (smooth skates)

			Plesiobatidae (deepwater stingrays)

			Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingrays)

			Dasyatidae (stingrays)

			Gymnuridae (butterfly rays)

			Myliobatidae

				Myliobatinae (eagle rays)

				Rhinopterinae (cownose rays)

				Mobulinae (manta and devil rays)

			Urolophidae (round stingrays)

			Potamotrygonidae (river stingrays)

Class Holocephali

	Order Chimaeriformes

			Callorhinchidae (plownose chimaeras)

			Chimaeridae (shortnose chimaeras or ratfishes)

			Rhinochimaeridae (longnose chimaeras)

Class Actinopterygii [=Osteichthyes]

	Order Polypteriformes

			Polypteridae (bichirs)

	Order Acipenseriformes

			Acipenseridae (sturgeons)

			Polyodontidae (paddlefishes)

	Order Lepisosteiformes

			Lepisosteidae (gars)

	Order Amiiformes

			Amiidae (bowfins)

	Order Osteoglossiformes

			Osteoglossidae (bonytongues and arapaimas)

			Pantodontidae

			Hiodontidae (mooneyes)

			Notopteridae (knifefishes or featherbacks)

			Mormyridae (elephantfishes)

			Gymnarchidae

	Order Elopiformes

			Elopidae (tenpounders and ladyfishes)

			Megalopidae (tarpons)

	Order Albuliformes

			Albulidae (bonefishes)

				Albulinae

				Pterothrissinae

	Order Notacanthiformes

			Halosauridae (halosaurs)

			Notacanthidae (spiny eels) [Lipogenyidae incl.]

	Order Anguilliformes

			Anguillidae (freshwater eels)

			Heterenchelyidae

			Moringuidae (spaghetti eels)

			Chlopsidae (false morays) [=Xenocongridae]

			Myrocongridae

			Muraenidae (morays)

				Uropterygiinae

				Muraeninae

			Synaphobranchidae

				Ilyophinae (arrowtooth eels)[=Dysommatinae]

				Synaphobranchinae (cutthroat eels)

				Simenchelyinae (pugnose Eels)

			Ophichthidae (snake eels and worm eels)

				Myrophinae

				Ophichthinae

			Colocongridae

			Congridae (conger eels)

				Congrinae

				Bathymyrinae

				Heterocongrinae (garden eels)

			Muraenesocidae (pike conger eels)

			Derichthyidae (longneck eels)

			Nemichthyidae (snipe eels)

			Serrivomeridae (sawtooth eels)

			Nettastomatidae (duckbill eels)

	Order Saccopharyngiformes

			Cyematidae (bobtail eels)

			Saccopharyngidae (swallowers or whiptail gulpers)

			Eurypharyngidae (umbrellamouth gulpers)

			Monognathidae (monognathids)

	Order Clupeiformes

			Denticipitidae (denticle herrings)

			Clupeidae (herrings, shads, sardines and allies) [Pristigasteridae incl.]

			Engraulidae (anchovies)

			Chirocentridae (wolf herrings)

			Sundasalangidae (Sundaland noodlefishes)

	Order Gonorynchiformes

			Chanidae (milkfishes)

			Gonorynchidae

			Kneriidae

			Phractolaemidae

	Order Cypriniformes

			Cyprinidae (minnows and carps)

			Psilorhynchidae

			Cobitidae (loaches)

				Botiinae

				Cobitinae

			Balitoridae (hillstream and river loaches) [=Homalopteridae]

				Nemacheilinae

				Balitorinae

			Gyrinocheilidae (algae eaters)

			Catostomidae (suckers)

	Order Characiformes

			Citharinidae

				Distichodontinae

				Citharininae

			Alestiidae (African tetras)

			Hepsetidae

			Hemiodontidae

				Parodontinae

				Hemiodontinae

			Curimatidae

				Curimatinae (curimatas)

				Prochilodontinae

				Anostominae

				Chilodontinae

			Erythrinidae (trahiras)

			Lebiasinidae

				Lebiasininae

				Pyrrhulininae

			Gasteropelecidae (freshwater hatchetfishes)

			Ctenoluciidae (pike-characids)

			Acestrorhynchidae

			Cynodontidae

				Cynodontinae

				Roestinae

			Characidae (characins)

			(some subfamilies below)

				Glandulocaudinae

				Serrasalminae(piranhas and allies)

				Characidiinae

				Stethaprioninae

	Order Siluriformes

			Diplomystidae (diplomystid catfishes)

			Ictaluridae (North American freshwater catfishes)

			Bagridae (bagrid catfishes)

			Cranoglanididae (armorhead catfishes)

			Siluridae (sheatfishes)

			Schilbeidae (schilbeid catfishes)

			Pangasiidae (pangasid catfishes)

			Amblycipitidae (torrent catfishes)

			Amphiliidae (loach catfishes)

			Akysidae (stream catfishes)

			Parakysidae (parakysid catfishes)

			Sisoridae (sisorid catfishes)

			Erethistidae

			Clariidae (airbreathing or labyrinth catfishes)

			Heteropneustidae (airsac catfishes)

			Chacidae (squarehead or angler catfishes)

			Olyridae (olyrid catfishes)

			Malapteruridae (electric catfishes)

			Ariidae (sea catfishes)

			Plotosidae (eeltail catfishes)

			Mochokidae (squeakers and unside-down catfishes)

			Doradidae (thorny catfishes)

			Auchenipteridae (auchenipterid catfishes)

			Pimelodidae (long-whiskered catfishes)

			Ageneiosidae (bottlenose or barbelless Catfishes)

			Helogeneidae (helogeneid catfishes)

			Cetopsidae (whalelike catfishes)

			Hypophthalmidae (loweye catfishes)

			Aspredinidae (banjo catfishes)

				Bunocephalinae

				Aspredininae

				Hoplomyzontinae

			Trichomycteridae (parasitic catfishes and candirus)

			Callichthyidae (callichthyid armored catfishes)

			Loricariidae (suckermouth armored catfishes)

			Scoloplacidae (spiny dwarf catfishes)

			Astroblepidae (climbing catfishes)

	Order Gymnotiformes (knifefishes)

			Sternopygidae (glass knifefishes)

			Apteronotidae (ghost knifefishes)

			Rhamphichthyidae (sand knifefishes)

			Hypopomidae

			Gymnotidae (nakedback knifefishes)

			Electrophoridae (electric knifefishes)

	Order Esociformes

			Esocidae (pikes)

			Umbridae (mudminnows)

	Order Osmeriformes

			Argentinidae (argentines)

			Microstomatidae

			Bathylagidae (deepsea smelts)

			Opisthoproctidae (spookfishes or barreleyes)

			Alepocephalidae (slickheads)

			Platytroctidae (tubeshoulders) [=Searsiidae]

			Lepidogalaxiidae (salamanderfishes)

			Osmeridae (smelts)

			Plecoglossidae (ayu fishes)

			Salangidae (icefishes or noodlefishes)

			Retropinnidae (New Zealand smelts)

				Retropinninae (southern smelts)

				Prototroctinae (southern graylings)

			Galaxiidae (galaxiids)

				Aplochitoninae

				Galaxiinae

	Order Salmoniformes

			Salmonidae

				Coregoninae (whitefishes)

				Thymallinae (graylings)

				Salmoninae (salmons, trouts, chars and allies)

	Order Stomiiformes

			Gonostomatidae (bristlemouths)

			Sternoptychidae

				Maurolicinae

				Sternoptychinae (marine hatchetfishes)

			Phosichthyidae (lightfishes) [=Photichthyidae]

			Stomiidae

				Chauliodontinae (viperfishes)

				Stomiinae (saly dragonfishes)

				Astronesthinae (snaggletooths)

				Melanostomiinae (scaleless black dragonfishes)

				Malacosteinae (loosejaws)

				Idiacanthinae (black dragonfishes)

	Order Ateleopodiformes

			Ateleopodidae (jellynose fishes)

	Order Aulopiformes

			Aulopidae (aulopus)

			Chlorophthalmidae (greeneyes)

			Ipnopidae

			Scopelarchidae (pearleyes)

			Notosudidae (paperbones or waryfishes)

			Giganturidae (telescopefishes)

			Synodontidae

				Synodontinae (lizardfishes)

				Harpadontinae (Bombay ducks)

				Bathysaurinae

			Paralepididae (barracudinas)

			Anotopteridae (daggertooths)

			Evermannellidae (sabertooth fishes)

			Omosudidae (omosudids)

			Alepisauridae (lancetfishes)

			Pseudotrichonotidae

	Order Myctophiformes

			Neoscopelidae (blackchins)

			Myctophidae (lanternfishes)

	Order Lampriformes

			Lampridae (opahs)

			Veliferidae (velifers)

			Lophotidae (crestfishes)

			Radiicephalidae (tapertails)

			Trachipteridae (ribbonfishes)

			Regalecidae (oarfishes)

			Stylephoridae (tube-eyes or thread-tails)

	Order Polymixiiformes

			Polymixiidae (beardfishes)

	Order Percopsiformes

			Percopsidae (trout-perches)

			Aphredoderidae (pirate perches)

			Amblyopsidae (cavefishes)

	Order Gadiformes

			Muraenolepididae (eel cods)

			Bregmacerotidae (codlets)

			Euclichthyidae (eucla cods)

			Macrouridae (grenadiers or rattails)

				Bathygadinae

				Macrouroidinae (southern hakes)

				Trachyrincinae

				Macrourinae

			Moridae (deepsea cods)

			Melanonidae (pelagic cods)

			Gadidae (cods and haddocks)

			Lotidae (hakes and burbots)

			Phycidae (phycid hakes)

			Merlucciidae (merluccid hakes)

				Merlucciinae

				Steindachneriinae

	Order Ophidiiformes

			Ophidiidae (cuskeels)

				Brotulinae

				Brotulotaeniinae

				Ophidiinae

				Neobythitinae

			Carapidae

				Carapinae (pearlfishes)

				Pyramodontinae (pyramodontines)

			Bythitidae (livebearing brotulas)

				Bythitinae

				Brosmophycinae

			Aphyonidae (aphyonids)

			Parabrotulidae (false brotulas)

	Order Batrachoidiformes

			Batrachoididae (toadfishes)

	Order Lophiiformes (anglerfishes)

			Lophiidae (goosefishes or monkfishes)

			Antennariidae (frogfishes)

			Tetrabrachiidae

			Lophichthyidae

			Brachionichthyidae (warty anglerfishes)

			Chaunacidae (sea toads)

			Ogcocephalidae (batfishes)

		Suborder Ceratioidei (deepsea anglerfishes)

			Caulophrynidae

			Neoceratiidae

			Melanocetidae

			Himantolophidae (footballfishes)

			Diceratiidae

			Oneirodidae

			Thaumatichthyidae

			Centrophrynidae

			Ceratiidae (seadevils)

			Gigantactinidae (whipnoses)

			Linophrynidae

	Order Gobiesociformes

			Gobiesocidae (clingfishes)

				Gobiesocinae

				Cheilobranchinae [=Alabetidae]

	Order Atheriniformes

			Bedotiidae

			Melanotaeniidae (rainbowfishes)

			Pseudomugilidae (blue eyes)

			Atherinidae (silversides)

				Atherinopsinae

				Medidiinae

				Atherioninae

				Atherininae

			Notocheiridae (Isonidae incl.)

			Telmatherinidae

			Dentatherinae

			Phallostethidae [Neostethidae incl.]

	Order Cyprinodontiformes

			Aplocheilidae (rivulines)

				Aplocheilinae (Old World rivulines)

				Rivulinae (New World rivulines)

			Profundulidae

			Fundulidae

			Valenciidae

			Goodeidae (goodeids)

				Empetrichthyinae

				Goodeinae

			Poeciliidae (poeciliids)

				Poeciliinae (livebearers)

				Fluviphylacinae

				Aplocheilichthyinae

			Cyprinodontidae (killifishes)

				Cubanichthyinae

				Cyprinodontinae

			Anablepidae

				Anablepinae (four-eyed fishes)

				Jenynsiinae (jenynsiids)

				Oxyzygonectinae

			Scomberesocidae (sauries)

			Belonidae (needlefishes)

			Hemiramphidae (halfbeaks)

			Exocoetidae (flyingfishes)

			Adrianichthyidae

				Oryziinae (medakas or ricefishes)

				Adrianichthyinae (adrianichthyids)

				Horaichthyinae

	Order Stephanoberyciformes

			Stephanoberycidae (pricklefishes)

			Hispidoberycidae

			Melamphaidae (bigscales)

			Gibberichthyidae (gibberfishes)

	Order Beryciformes

			Monocentridae (pinecone fishes)

			Trachichthyidae (slimeheads)

			Anomalopidae (lanterneye fishes)

			Diretmidae (spinyfins)

			Anoplogasteridae (fangtooths)

			Berycidae (berycids or alfonsinos)

			Holocentridae (squirrelfishes and soldierfishes)

	Order Cetomimiformes

			Mirapinnidae (hairyfishes and ribbontails) [Eutaeniophoridae incl.]

			Megalomycteridae (largenose fishes)

			Rondeletiidae (redmouth whalefishes)

			Barbourisiidae (velvet whalefishes)

			Cetomimidae (whalefishes)

	Order Zeiformes

			Parazenidae

			Macrurocyttidae

			Zeidae (dories)

			Oreosomatidae (oreos)

			Grammicolepididae (diamond dories)

			Caproidae (boarfishes)

	Order Incertae sedis

			Elassomatidae (pygmy sunfishes)

	Order Gasterosteiformes

			Hypoptychidae (sand-eels)

			Gasterodteidae (sticklebacks)

			Aulorhynchidae (tubesnouts)

			Indostomidae

			Pegasidae (seamoths)

	Order Syngnathiformes

			Aulostomidae (trumpetfishes)

			Fistulariidae (cornetfishes)

			Centriscidae

				Macrorhamphosinae (snipefishes)

				Centriscinae (shrimpfishes)

			Solenostomidae (ghost pipefishes)

			Syngnathidae

				Syngnathinae (pipefishes)

				Hippocampinae (seahorses)

	Order Synbranchiformes

			Synbranchidae (swamp-eels)

			Mastacembelidae (spiny-eels)

			Chaudhuriidae

	Order Scorpaeniformes

		Suborder Scorpaenoidei

			Sebastidae

				Sebastinae (rockfishes and rockcods)

				Sebastolobinae (thornyheads)

			Setarchidae

			Neosebastidae

			Scorpaenidae (scorpionfishes and allies)

				Scorpaeninae (scorpionfishes)

				Pteroinae (turkeyfishes and lionfishes)

			Apistidae

			Tetrarogidae (waspfishes)

			Synanceiidae

				Minoinae

				Choridactylinae

				Synanceiinae (stonefishes and allies)

			Caracanthidae (coral crouchers)

			Aploactinidae (velvetfishes)

			Pataecidae (prowfishes)

			Gnathanacanthidae (red velvetfishes)

			Congiopodidae (horsefishes)

		Suborder Dactylopteroidei

			Dactylopteridae (helmet gurnards) [=Cephalacanthidae]

		Suborder Platycephaloidei

			Plectrogenidae

			Parabembridae

			Bembridae (deepwater flatheads)

			Triglidae (searobins)

			Peristediidae (armored gurnards)

			Hoplichthyidae (spiny flatheads)

			Platycephalidae (flatheads)

		Suborder Anoplopomatoidei

			Anoplopomatidae (sablefishes and skilfishes)

		Suborder Zaniolepidoidei

			Zaniolepididae

				Oxylebiinae (painted greenlings)

		Suborder Hexagrammoidei

			Hexagrammidae (greenlings and allies)

				Hexagramminae (greenlings)

				Pleurogramminae (atka mackerels)

				Ophiodontinae (lingcods)

		Suborder Normanichthyiodei

			Normanichthyidae

		Suborder Cottoidei

			Rhamphocottidae (grunt sculpins)

			Ereuniidae

			Bathylutichthyidae

			Cottidae (sculpins)

			Cottocomephoridae

			Comephoridae (Baikal oilfishes)

			Abyssocottidae

			Hemitripteridae

			Psychrolutidae (fatheads)

			Agonidae (poachers)

			Cyclopteridae

				Cyclopterinae (lumpsuckers)

				Liparinae (snailfishes)

	Order Perciformes

		Suborder Percoidei (Includes incertae sedis taxa)

			Centropomidae

				Centropominae (snooks)

				Latinae

			Ambassidae [=Chandidae]

			Percichthyidae (temperate basses)

			Acropomatidae (lanternbellies)

			Moronidae

			Polyprionidae (wreckfishes)

			Dinopercidae (cave basses)

			Serranidae (sea basses and groupers)

				Serraninae

				Anthiinae

				Epinephelinae (groupers)

				Liopropomatinae

				Grammistinae (soapfishes) [Pseudogrammatidae incl.]

			Ostracoberycidae

			Symphysanodontidae

			Centrogeniidae

			Pseudochromidae (dottybacks)

				Pseudochrominae

				Pseudoplesiopinae

				Anisochrominae

			Congrogadidae (eelblennies)

			Grammatidae (basslets)

			Callanthidae

			Plesiopidae (roundheads)

				Plesiopinae

				Acanthoclininae (spiny basslets)

			Notograptidae

			Opistognathidae (jawfishes)

			Terapontidae (grunters or tigerfishes)

			Banjosidae

			Kuhliidae (flagtails or aholeholes)

			Centrarchidae (sunfishes and freshwater basses)

			Percidae (perches and darters)

			Priacanthidae (bigeyes)

			Apogonidae (cardinalfishes)

			Epigonidae



			Dinolestidae

			Sillaginidae (sillagos)

			Malacanthidae (tilefishes)

				Malacanthinae (sand tilefishes)

				Latilinae (tilefishes) [=Branchiosteginae]

			Lactariidae (false trevallies)

			Scombropidae

			Pomatomidae (bluefishes)

			Rachycentridae (cobias)

			Echeneidae (remoras and sharksuckers)

			Carangidae (jacks, amberjacks, pompanos)

			Nematistiidae (roosterfishes)

			Coryphaenidae (dolphins or dolphinfishes)

			Menidae (moonfishes)

			Leiognathidae (ponyfishes or slipmouths)

			Bramidae (pomfrets)

			Caristiidae (veilfins or manefishes)

			Arripidae (Australian salmons)

			Emmelichthyidae (rovers)

			Lutjanidae (snappers)

			Caesionidae (fusiliers)

			Lobotidae (tripletails)

			Coiidae (tigerperches)

			Gerreidae (mojarras)

			Haemulidae (grunts)

			Inermiidae (bonnetmouths)

			Sparidae (porgys and seabreams)

			Centracanthidae

			Lethrinidae (emperors)

			Nemipteridae (threadfin breams and spinycheeks)

			Sciaenidae (croakers and drums)

			Polynemidae (threadfins)

			Mullidae (goatfishes)

			Pempheridae (sweepers)

			Glaucosomatidae

			Leptobramidae (beachsalmon)

			Bathyclupeidae (bathyclupeids)

			Toxotidae (archerfishes)

			Dichistiidae (galjoens) [=Coracinidae]

			Kyphosidae (sea chubs)

				Girellinae (nibblers)

				Kyphosinae (rudderfishes)

				Scorpidinae (halfmoons)

				Microcanthinae

			Parascorpididae (jutjaws)

			Drepanidae (sicklefishes)

			Monodactylidae (moonies)

			Chaetodontidae (butterflyfishes)

			Pomacanthidae (angelfishes)

			Enoplosidae (oldwives)

			Pentacerotidae (armorheads)

			Nandidae (leaffishes)

				Nandinae

				Pristolepidinae

				Badinae

			Oplegnathidae (knifejaws)

			Cirrhitidae (hawkfishes)

			Chironemidae (kelpfishes)

			Aplodactylidae

			Cheilodactylidae (fingerfins or morwongs)

			Latridae (trumpeters)

			Cepolidae (bandfishes)

		Suborder Mugiloidei

			Mugilidae (mullets)

		Suborder Labroidei

			Cichlidae (cichlids)

			Embiotocidae (surfperches)

			Pomacentridae (damselfishes and anemonefishes)

			Labridae (wrasses)

			Odacidae

			Scaridae (parrotfishes)

				Scarinae

				Sparisomatinae

		Suborder Zoarcoidei

			Bathymasteridae (ronquils)

			Zoarcidae (eelpouts)

			Stichaeidae (pricklebacks)

			Cryptacanthodidae (wrymouths)

			Pholidae (gunnels)

			Anarhichadidae (wolffishes)

			Ptilichthyidae (quillfishes)

			Zaproridae (prowfishes)

			Scytalinidae (graveldivers)

		Suborder Notothenioidei

			Bovichtidae (bovichtids)

			Nototheniidae (notothens)

			Harpagiferidae (plunderfishes)

			Artedidraconidae

			Bathydraconidae (Antarctic dragonfishes)

			Channichthyidae (crocodile icefishes)

		Suborder Trachinoidei

			Chiasmodontidae (swallowers)

			Champsodontidae (gapers)

			Trichodontidae (sandfishes)

			Ammodytidae (sand lances)

			Trachinidae (weeverfishes)

			Uranoscopidae (stargazers)

			Trichonotidae (sand divers)

			Creediidae (sand burrowers)

			Leptoscopidae

			Percophidae (duckbills)

				Percophinae

				Bembropinae

				Hemerocoetinae

			Pinguipedidae (sandperches) [=Parapercidae]

		Suborder Pholidichthyoidei

			Pholidichthyidae (convict-blennies)

		Suborder Blennioidei

			Tripterygiidae (threefin blennies)

			Labrisomidae (labrisomids)

			Clinidae (clinids and klipfishes)

			Chaenopsidae (pikeblennies)

			Dactyloscopidae (sand stargazers)

			Blenniidae (blennies)

		Suborder Icosteoidei

			Icosteidae (ragfishes)

		Suborder Callionymoidei

			Callionymidae (dragonets)

			Draconettidae (draconettids)

		Suborder Schindleroidei

			Schindleriidae

		Suborder Gobioidei

			Rhyacichthyidae (loach gobies)

			Odontobutidae

			Eleotridae (sleepers)

			Gobiidae (gobies)

			Kraemeriidae (sand darts)

			Microdesmidae

				Microdesminae

				Ptereleotrinae

			Xenisthmidae

		Suborder Kurtoidei

			Kurtidae (nurseryfishes)

		Suborder Acanthuroidei

			Ephippidae (spadefishes, batfishes and scats)

			Scatophagidae (scats)

			Siganidae (rabbitfishes)

			Luvaridae (luvars)

			Zanclidae (moorish idols)

			Acanthuridae (surgeonfishes and unicornfishes)

		Suborder Scombrolabracoidei

			Scombrolabracidae (black mackerels)

		Suborder Sphyraenoidei

			Sphyraenidae (barracudas)

		Suborder Scombroidei

			Gempylidae (snake mackerels)

			Trichiuridae (cutlassfishes and scabbardfishes)

				Aphanopodinae

				Lepidopinae

				Trichiurinae

			Xiphiidae (swordfishes)

			Istiophoridae (billfishes and marlins)

			Scombridae (mackerels, tunas and bonitos)

		Suborder Stromateoidei

			Amarsipidae (amarsipids)

			Centrolophidae (medusafishes)

			Nomeidae (flotsamfishes or driftfishes)

			Ariommatidae (ariommatids)

			Tetragonuridae (squaretails)

			Stromateidae (butterfishes)

		Suborder Anabantoidei

			Anabantidae (climbing gouramies)

			Belontiidae (gouramies and allies)

			Helostomatidae (kissing gouramies)

			Osphronemidae (giant gouramies)

			Luciocephalidae (pikeheads)

		Suborder Channoidei

			Channidae (snakeheads)

	Order Pleuronectiformes

			Psettodidae (psettodids)

			Citharidae

			Scophthalmidae

			Paralichthyidae

			Bothidae (lefteye flounders)

			Achiropsellidae

			Pleuronectidae (righteye flounders)

				Poecilopsettinae

				Rhombosoleinae

				Pleuronectinae

				Paralichthodinae

			Samaridae

			Achiridae

			Soleidae (soles)

			Cynoglossidae (tonguefishes)

				Symphurinae

				Cynoglossinae

	Order Tetraodontiformes [=Plectognathi]

			Triacanthodidae (spikefishes)

			Triacanthidae (triplespines)

			Balistidae (triggerfishes)

			Monacanthidae (filefishes)

			Ostraciidae (boxfishes)

				Aracaninae

				Ostraciinae

			Triodontidae (threetooth puffers)

			Tetraodontidae (puffers)

			Diodontidae (porcupinefishes and burrfishes)

			Molidae (molas or ocean sunfishes)

Class Sarcopterygii

	Order Coelacanthiformes

			Latimeriidae (coelacanths) [=Coelacanthidae]

	Order Ceratodontiformes

			Ceratodontidae (Australian lungfishes)

	Order Lepidosireniformes

			Lepidosirenidae (South American lungfishes)

			Protopteridae (African lungfishes)