CAS Ichthyology Primary Types Imagebase

CAS 11984 (IU 10182) Hemigrammus anisitsi Eigenmann [C. H.], 1907 Holotype & Paratype  [Collection database record] Holotype may be the largest specimen.
anisitsi, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:16 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Villa Rica [Villarica, Guairá Department, Río Tebicuary] Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 11984 [ex IU 10182] (1 of 3). Paratypes: BMNH 1907.4.27.5-6 (2),1909.6.15.10 (1); CAS 11984 [ex IU 10182] (2 of 3), 44366 [ex IU 9995] (orig. 10, now 7 or less). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon anisitsi (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Fernández & Butí 1996:252 [ref. 22775], Gómez & Chebez 1996:50 [ref. 23791], Britski et al. 1999:43 [ref. 24147], López et al. 2002:63 [ref. 26808], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:134 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:100 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131], Almirón et al. 2004:674 [ref. 27987], Miquelarena & López 2006:824 [ref. 29070], Almirón et al. 2006:895 [ref. 29163], Mirande 2010:515 [ref. 31006] in Astyanax clade, Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565], Koerber et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35267]). •Valid as Psalidodon anisitsi (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Koerber et al. 2020:3 [ref. 37480], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Reis et al. 2020:460 [ref. 38364], Terán et al. 2020:10 [ref. 37440], Koerber et al. 2021:3 [ref. 38894], Chan et al. 2023:138 [ref. 40365], Koerber et al. 2023:3 [ref. 40355], Loureiro et al. 2023:75 [ref. 40506], Zanata et al. 2024:258 [ref. 40718]). Current status: Valid as Psalidodon anisitsi (Eigenmann 1907). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Paraná and Uruguay River basins (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay). Introduced in Hong Kong (China). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44368 (IU 13423) Hemigrammus barrigonae Eigenmann [C. H.] & Henn [A. W.], 1914 Holotype  [Collection database record]
barrigonae, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Henn [A. W.] 1914:232 [Indiana University Studies v. 2 (no. 24); ref. 11067] Barrigona, upper Río Meta drainage, Orinoco system, Colombia. Holotype: CAS 44368 [ex IU 13423]. Paratypes: (65) AMNH 5320 (4), CAS 44369 [ex IU 13424] (orig. 61). •Valid as Hemigrammus barrigonae Eigenmann & Henn 1914 -- (Taphorn 1992:203, 269 [ref. 23654], Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:131 [ref. 27061], Zarske et al. 2006:24 [ref. 28749], Carvalho et al. 2010:253 [ref. 30862], Ota et al. 2014:278 [ref. 33373], Zarske 2015:8 [ref. 33782], Petrolli et al. 2016:168 [ref. 34395], Soares & Bührnheim 2016:398 [ref. 34972], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:48 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:86 [ref. 35773], Reia & Benine 2019:413 [ref. 36527], Ota et al. 2019:345 [ref. 36619], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40760]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus barrigonae Eigenmann & Henn 1914. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Orinoco River basin (Colombia and Venezuela). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44379 (IU 11073) Hemigrammus boulengeri Eigenmann [C. H.], 1907 Holotype  [Collection database record]
boulengeri, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:15 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Holotype (unique): CAS 44379 [ex IU 11073]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon boulengeri (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Malabarba 1989:134 [ref. 14217], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:86 [ref. 28297], Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Bertaco et al. 2016:413 [ref. 34561], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Nión et al. 2016:30 [ref. 35565] dated 1918 without parentheses, Reis et al. 2020:459 [ref. 38364], Giora & Wingert 2023:134 [ref. 41026], Loureiro et al. 2023:78 [ref. 40506]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon boulengeri (Eigenmann 1907). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: coastal river drainages of Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil and Uruguay). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 42675 (IU 12651) Hemigrammus cupreus Durbin [M. L.], 1918 Syntype  [Collection database record]
cupreus, Hemigrammus Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1918:168, Pl. 20 (fig. 3) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 1240] Jatuarana, Silves, Lago Saracá, Amazon system, Brazil [= Barreirinha, Amazon River and Lago Saracá, Amazonas, Brazil, about 2°50'S, 58°14'W]. Syntypes: (11 + 6) CAS 42675 [ex IU 12651, MCZ 20952] (2); ?MCZ 21067 (6), ?21069 (9?, orig. 6), 89964 (orig. 11). Author is M. L. Durbin. Appeared first in Eigenmann 1910:436 [ref. 1224] without description. •Valid as Hemigrammus cupreus Durbin 1918 -- (Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:131 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Lima & Marinho 2024:174 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus cupreus Durbin 1918. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Brazil and ? Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 42676 (IU 12648) Hemigrammus hyanuary Durbin [M. L.], 1918 Syntype  [Collection database record]
hyanuary, Hemigrammus Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1918:151, Pl. 18 (fig. 4) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 1240] Lake Hyanuary. Syntypes: (8) CAS 42676 [ex IU 12648; MCZ 20955] (2), MCZ 20955 (now 4). Author is M. L. Durbin. Appeared first in Eigenmann 1910:436 [ref. 1224] without description. •Valid as Hemigrammus hyanuary Durbin 1918 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:132 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Carvalho 2005:147 [ref. 28675], Marinho et al. 2008:58 [ref. 29547], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:48 [ref. 35633], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2019:937 [ref. 36872], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus hyanuary Durbin 1918. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: Sout merica: Amazon and Orinoco river basins (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44420 (IU 10016) Hemigrammus kennedyi Eigenmann [C. H.], 1903 Holotype  [Collection database record]
kennedyi, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Kennedy 1903:520 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55; ref. 1260] Campo Grande, Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 44420 [ex IU 10016]. Paratypes: (41) AMNH 1464 (4, 2 c&s), ANSP 37129 (1); BMNH 1907.4.27.3-4 (2), 1909.6.15.8-9 (2); FMNH 52626 (4); CAS 44419 [ex IU 10012] (6), 44421 [ex IU 10018] (1), 44422 [ex IU 10019] (8), 44423 [ex IU 10063] (5); ZMB 17001 (1), 17145 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1984:49 [ref. 13621], Ibarra & Stewart 1987:45 [ref. 12367]. •Valid as Psellogrammus kennedyi (Eigenmann 1903) -- (Fernández & Butí 1996:253 [ref. 22775], Gómez & Chebez 1996:51 [ref. 23791], Britski et al. 1999:40 [ref. 24147], Benine & Cassati in Reis et al. 2003:154 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:28 [ref. 27366], Casciotta et al. 2003:109 [ref. 28130], Menni 2004:78 [ref. 28131], Mirande 2010:517 [ref. 31006], Sarmiento et al. 2014:185 [ref. 35004], Ramos et al. 2014:4 [ref. 35321], Mirande & Koerber 2015:25 [ref. 35117], Petry et al. 2016:302 [ref. 34966], Melo et al. 2016:375 [ref. 35317], Koerber et al. 2017:38 [ref. 35267], Reis et al. 2020:460 [ref. 38364], Silva et al. 2020:7 [ref. 37809], Koerber et al. 2022:38 [ref. 39235], Vieira et al. 2023:17 [ref. 40759], Dagosta 2024:264 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Psellogrammus kennedyi (Eigenmann 1903). Characidae: Characids incertae sedis. Distribution: South America: Paraguay and São Francisco River basins, Paraná River basin (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 42678 (IU 15260) Hemigrammus levis Durbin [M. L.], 1908 Syntype  [Collection database record]
levis, Hemigrammus Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:100 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Lago Maximo [small lake near Parintins], Villa Bella and Lake Jose Assu, Brazil. Syntypes: (over 300) CAS 42677 [ex IU 12647 & MCZ 20738] (5), CAS 42678 [ex IU 15260 & MCZ 20749] (7); MCZ 89961-62 (64, 18), 20738 (194), 20749 (28), 20829 (3); USNM 120266 [ex MCZ 20738] (6). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:24 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. Lectotype established as MCZ 20738 by Eigenmann 1918:149 but lot with more than 1 specimen so lectotype designation is not valid. •Valid as Hemigrammus levis Durbin 1908 -- (Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:132 [ref. 27061], Zarske et al. 2006:24 [ref. 28749], Marinho et al. 2008:58 [ref. 29547], Carvalho et al. 2010:253 [ref. 30862], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Melo et al. 2016:132 [ref. 34701], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:48 [ref. 35633], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2019:937 [ref. 36872], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:32 [ref. 39235]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus levis Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44436 (IU 11438) Hemigrammus matei Eigenmann [C. H.], 1918 Holotype  [Collection database record]
matei, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] 1918:152, Pl. 19 (fig. 1) [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 2); ref. 1240] Argentina [aquarium specimen]. Holotype: CAS 44436 [ex IU 11438]. Additional material or paratype: CAS 44437 [ex IU 11438] (1). Appeared first in Eigenmann 1910:436 [ref. 1224] without description. •Valid as Hemigrammus matei Eigenmann 1918 -- (Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:132 [ref. 27061], López et al. 2003:26 [ref. 27366] as mattei, Menni 2004:77 [ref. 28131] as mattei, Marinho et al. 2008:58 [ref. 29547], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117]). •Species inquirenda -- (Lima & Marinho 2024:181 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Uncertain as Hemigrammus matei Eigenmann 1918. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Argentina [if valid]. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44381 (IU 10039) Hemigrammus melasopterus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.], 1903 Holotype  [Collection database record]
melasopterus, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.] 1903:518 [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 55; ref. 1260] Aguada, near Arroyo Trementina, Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 44381 [ex IU 10039]. Paratypes: (6) AMNH 1035 (1), CAS 44382 [ex IU 10040] (1), CAS [ex IU 10041] (orig. 5, not found); FMNH 52668 (2); ZMB 17147 (2). The spelling melasopterus possibly in error for melanopterus. •Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:224 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:148 [ref. 24509], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:136 [ref. 27061], Litz & Koerber 2014:15 [ref. 33622], Mirande & Koerber 2015:26 [ref. 35117], Koerber et al. 2017:41 [ref. 35267]). Current status: Synonym of Hyphessobrycon eques (Steindachner 1882). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44438 (IU 10802) Hemigrammus micropterus Meek [S. E.], 1907 Holotype  [Collection database record]
micropterus, Hemigrammus Meek [S. E.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:15 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Los Castillos, Venezuela. Holotype (unique): CAS 44438 [ex IU 10802]. •Valid as Hemigrammus micropterus Meek 1907 -- (Taphorn 1992:212 [ref. 23654], Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:132 [ref. 27061], Marinho et al. 2008:58 [ref. 29547], Carvalho et al. 2010:253 [ref. 30862], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:48 [ref. 35633], Urbano-Bonilla et al. 2018:87 [ref. 35773], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2019:938 [ref. 36872], Cortés Hernández et al. 2023:455 [ref. 40760]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus micropterus Meek 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Orinoco River basin (Venezuela and Colombia). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

SU 47759 Hemigrammus mimus Böhlke [J. E.], 1955 Holotype  [Collection database record]
mimus, Hemigrammus Böhlke [J. E.] 1955:229, Fig. 2 [Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science v. 58 (no. 2); ref. 12265] Camanáos on the Rio Negro, about 0°10'S, 66°55'W, Brazil. Holotype: CAS-SU 47759. Paratypes: CAS-SU 47760 (1). •Valid as Hemigrammus mimus Böhlke 1955 -- (Taphorn 1992:218 [ref. 23654] as cf. mimus, Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:132-133 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2007:13 [ref. 29231], Carvalho et al. 2010:253 [ref. 30862], Mendonça & Wosiacki 2011:214 [ref. 31415], Ota et al. 2014:278 [ref. 33373], see DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[8] [ref. 35679], Lima & Marinho 2024:178 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus mimus Böhlke 1955. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: middle Negro and Amazon river basins; upper Orinoco River basin: Brazil and Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 44467 (IU 17643) Hemigrammus paipayensis Pearson [N. E.], 1929 Holotype  [Collection database record]
paipayensis, Hemigrammus Pearson [N. E.] in Eigenmann & Myers 1929:533 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 5); ref. 1263] Río Paipay, Río Crisnejas drainage, Amazonas system, Andes of northern Peru. Syntypes: CAS 44467 [ex IU 17643] (now 1). Additional original material: CAS 44468 [ex IU 17643] (now 216), ZMA [ex IU 17643] 114207 (1). Type catalog: Nijssen et al. 1982:19 [ref. 19236]. •Valid as Bryconacidnus paipayensis (Pearson 1929) -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:7 [ref. 9708], Pavanelli in Reis et al. 2003:115 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:106 [ref. 35745], Thomaz et al. 2015:Add. 5 [ref. 33893], Netto-Ferreira 2024:115 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Valid as Bryconacidnus paipayensis (Pearson 1929). Characidae: Stevardiinae. Distribution: South America: western Amazon basin, Peru and Ecuador. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 58609 (IU 11262) Hemigrammus tridens Eigenmann [C. H.], 1907 Holotype  [Collection database record]
tridens, Hemigrammus Eigenmann [C. H.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:15 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Arroyo Pypucu, Río Paraguay basin, Paraguay. Holotype: CAS 58609 [ex IU 11262]. Paratypes: CAS 61474 [ex IU 11262a] (1) Arroyo Pypucu (= Arroyo Piry-Pucu). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon tridens (Eigenmann 1907) -- (Zarske & Géry 2002:26 [ref. 26553]). •Valid as Hemigrammus tridens Eigenmann 1907 -- (Britski et al. 1999:40 [ref. 24147], Lima & Oyakawa in Reis et al. 2003:133 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Carvalho 2005:147 [ref. 28675], Marinho et al. 2008:59 [ref. 29547], Carvalho et al. 2010:253 [ref. 30862], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Azpelicueta & Koerber 2017:67 [ref. 35220], Koerber et al. 2017:40 [ref. 35267], Koerber et al. 2017:4 [ref. 35632], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:[8] [ref. 35679], Koerber et al. 2019:5 [ref. 36736], Albornoz-Garzón et al. 2019:938 [ref. 36872], Mirande & Koerber 2020:2 [ref. 37594], Careaga et al. 2020:75 [ref. 37774]). Current status: Valid as Hemigrammus tridens Eigenmann 1907. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Paraguay-Paraná River basins (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina and Bolivia). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 57151 (IU 10896) Holopristes riddlei Meek [S. E.], 1907 Holotype  [Collection database record]
riddlei, Holopristes Meek [S. E.] in Eigenmann & Ogle 1907:11 [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 33 (no. 1556); ref. 1266] Los Castillas, Orinoco River, Venezuela. Holotype: CAS 57151 [ex IU 10896]. Paratypes: CAS 57152 [ex IU uncat.] (1), FMNH 43152 (3, missing?). Type catalog: Ibarra & Stewart 1987:47 [ref. 12367]. Types reported as missing (Ibarra & Stewart 1987:45 [ref. 12367]) but they are apparently in FMNH 43152. Original genus should have been Holopristis. Footnote indicates species was described from one specimen, anal count of 21-23 implies more specimens; types determined from information in catalogs. Apparently appeared as Hemigrammus riddlei by mistake in key on p. 13 with lower anal ray count of 19. •Synonym of Pristella maxillaris (Ulrey 1894) -- (Weitzman & Palmer 1997:237 [ref. 22743] but with wrong original genus, Lima 2024:257 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Synonym of Pristella maxillaris (Ulrey 1894). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 51789 (IU 17678a) Hyphessobrycon balbus Myers [G. S.], 1927 Holotype  [Collection database record]
balbus, Hyphessobrycon Myers [G. S.] 1927:115 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 68 (no. 3); ref. 3096] Planaltina, Lagoa Fervedeira, Goiás, Brazil. Holotype: CAS 51789 [ex IU 17678a]. Paratypes: ANSP 134780 (1, c&s), CAS 60463 [ex IU 17678] (13), CAS-SU 18069 (10, now 9), MCZ 31570 (1). Type catalog: Böhlke 1953:24 [ref. 12291], Böhlke 1984:43 [ref. 13621]. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon balbus Myers 1927 -- (Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Bertaco & Malabarba 2005:86 [ref. 28297], Bertaco et al. 2007:248 [ref. 29277], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Carvalho et al. 2014:248 [ref. 33371], Teixeira et al. 2016:474 [ref. 34088], Burger et al. 2019:377 [ref. 36718]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon balbus Myers 1927. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 42682 (IU 12654) Hyphessobrycon bentosi Durbin [M. L.], 1908 Syntype  [Collection database record]
bentosi, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:101 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Amazon River at Obidos, Pará, Brazil. Syntypes: (21) CAS 42682 [ex IU 12654 & MCZ 20995] (3), MCZ 20842 (15), USNM 120270 [ex MCZ 20842a] (3). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon bentosi Durbin 1908 -- (Ortega & Vari 1986:8 [ref. 9708], Taphorn 1992:239 [ref. 23654], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:226 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:145 [ref. 24509], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:150 [ref. 24506], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Hein 2009:9 [ref. 30362], García-Alzate et al. 2010:55 [ref. 30716], García-Alzate et al. 2011:709 [ref. 31266], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Zarske 2014:143 [ref. 33403], García-Alzate et al. 2015:222 [ref. 33855], Pastana & Ohara 2016:396 [ref. 34716], García-Alzate et al. 2017:125 [ref. 35253], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298], Koerber et al. 2022:38 [ref. 39235] unconfirmed). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon bentosi Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and Colombia). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

SU 48710 Hyphessobrycon cardinalis Myers [G. S.] & Weitzman [S. H.], 1956 Holotype  [Collection database record]
cardinalis, Hyphessobrycon Myers [G. S.] & Weitzman [S. H.] 1956:1 [Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin v. 7 (no. 1); ref. 12214] Stream near Tomar [Thomar], about 0°25'S, 63°55'S, Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brazil. Holotype: CAS-SU 48710. Paratypes: (10) CAS-SU 48711 (now 5), 48712 (2, c&s). •Synonym of Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz 1956) -- (Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:153 [ref. 27061], Marinho 2024:247 [ref. 40817]). Current status: Synonym of Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz 1956). Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 60476 (IU 17665) Hyphessobrycon coelestinus Myers [G. S.], 1929 Holotype  [Collection database record]
coelestinus, Hyphessobrycon Myers [G. S.] in Eigenmann & Myers 1929:535 [Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 43 (pt 5); ref. 1263] Lagoa Bonita, into São Bartholomeu, Goiás State, Brazil. Holotype: CAS 60476 [ex IU 17665]. Paratypes: CAS 57602 [ex IU 17666] (15). •Valid as Hyphessobrycon coelestinus Myers 1929 -- (Zarske & Géry 1997:310 [ref. 23715], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2004:36 [ref. 28039], Zarske & Géry 2006:47 [ref. 28750], García-Alzate et al. 2008:48 [ref. 29671], Carvalho & Langeani 2013:526 [ref. 32913], Marinho et al. 2014:263 [ref. 33372], Marinho et al. 2016:519 [ref. 34591]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon coelestinus Myers 1929. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences

CAS 42683 (IU 12653) Hyphessobrycon copelandi Durbin [M. L.], 1908 Syntype  [Collection database record]
copelandi, Hyphessobrycon Durbin [M. L.] in Eigenmann 1908:101 [Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 52 (no. 6); ref. 1221] Tabatinga, Amazonas, Brazil. Syntypes: (100) CAS 42683 [ex IU 12653] (5), MCZ 20771 (88), USNM 120271 [ex MCZ 20771] (6). Type catalog: Vari & Howe 1991:26 [ref. 19022]. Author is M. L. Durbin. •Valid as Hyphessobrycon copelandi Durbin 1908 -- (Ovchynnyk 1967:29 [ref. 37559], Géry et al. 1991:58 [ref. 21021], Chang & Ortega 1995:2 [ref. 24302], Planquette et al. 1996:288 [ref. 22818], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:226 [ref. 22743], Weitzman & Palmer 1997:145 [ref. 24509], Keith et al. 2000:13 [ref. 24547], Lima & Malabarba in Reis et al. 2003:135 [ref. 27061], Barriga Salazar 2014:107 [ref. 35745], Sarmiento et al. 2014:184 [ref. 35004], Melo et al. 2016:133 [ref. 34701], Ohara et al. 2017:10 [ref. 35494], Pastana et al. 2017:13 [ref. 35596], DoNascimiento et al. 2017:49 [ref. 35633], Guimarães et al. 2018:82 [ref. 35965], Guimarães et al. 2020:106 [ref. 37899], Meza-Vargas et al. 2021:18 [ref. 39298]). Current status: Valid as Hyphessobrycon copelandi Durbin 1908. Characidae: Stethaprioninae. Distribution: South America: Amazon River basin (Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru and French Guiana). Habitat: freshwater.
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© 2001 California Academy of Sciences